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The utility of human sciences in nursing inquiry
Author: Maria Pratt
Date: April 2012
Journal: Nurse Researcher
Issue: Volume 19, Number 3
Keywords: Human sciences, nursing inquiry, Heideggerian phenomenology, qualitative approach, humanistic philosophy
Aim: This paper targets novice nurse researchers to highlight how the perspectives of human sciences are useful in understanding people’s experiences.
Background: There is a need to address the utility of human sciences or the humanistic philosophy that values the understanding of subjective experiences in nursing, given that the mainstream development of nursing knowledge is still influenced by the positivist and post-positivist research paradigms.
Data sources: Discussion papers on Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology, human sciences, and qualitative research were accessed through the databases Cinahl and Medline over the past 30 years. Seminal works on phenomenology were addressed in this paper.
Discussion: Using Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology as a commonly referenced human philosophy and methodology, this paper discusses how Heidegger’s (1962) perspective may be used in nursing practice and research. Van Manen’s (1990) descriptions of phenomenological science are discussed to address the perspective’s value in nursing inquiry and to reveal the biases associated with this humanistic approach.
Conclusion: The limitations of human sciences should not deter nurse researchers from using this type of nursing inquiry as it can provide an important framework in nursing research, practice and knowledge development.
Implications for research/practice: The author’s perspective as a graduate student highlights the importance of human sciences in exploring the experiences of people vital in the delivery of nursing practice. However, researchers wishing to undertake humanistic inquiry should learn the philosophical and methodological underpinnings of their chosen humanistic approach.
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